1970's decisions, roots of US decline.

 CLEAN AIR ACT AND OPENING WITH CHINA

DEFICITS, WEAKENED DOLLAR, FOREIGN COMPETITION 

 

I earlier related the 1971 decision to unlink the dollar from gold, https://www.blogger.com/blog/post/edit/219171338015504465/7906932903235858989 , this action coupled with the beginning of constant yearly budget deficits was pivotal in the weakening of the US economic system.

 

In 1970 congress passed the "Clean air act", a measure to end air pollution in the United States, while a worthy objective, the measure set objectives to be reached by 1975 that were almost impossible for most companies to comply with.  Rather than a phase in for expansion or new builds it laid a heavy burden on often small and intermediate sized companies that could not be reached. This coupled with the reemergence of foreign competition which were recovering from WW2.  

 

I worked at the Emmaus foundry in 1972 as the company spend large sums attempting to comply, but it seemed to be perusing a moving target as regulation were demanding declines by dates rather than by possible compliance, the company closed in 1985, as did many thousands of foundries in the nation. As the foundries died so did the machine shops that finished these products. Castings soon were purchased oversees and often came in as finished products. Much of these products were outsourced to Canada and Japan.

 

In 1968 Bethlehem steel, that once had 30,000 employees, upgraded it main furnace in Bethlehem to an oxygen furnace, the build was accomplished by many thousand of construction workers.  In 1970 the company was at its peak of production and also spent millions in upgrading other plants. By 1975 foreign competition, legacy costs and continued regulation caused a decline in production and the blast furnace was shut down in 1995. The company was dissolved in 2003. 

 

This scene was played out all across the country. First Japan and then Chinese plants  unburdened by regulations, decimated the ability of the United States to produce the foundation for a strong manufacturing base. All the supplies and related machine shops disappeared at the same time.  The cost of rebuilding such plants is prohibitive and also the knowledge of production has slowly died and is no longer available. 

 

At the same time Nixon's historic visit to China in 1972 opened the way for China to be assimilated into the world economy. A massive population, much of it in poverty, Chinese history of innovation and now a market for their goods moved China into the modern world.  Nixon hoped to use this China initiative to wean China away from any cooperation with the Soviet Union. China in fact often followed the policies of an earlier time in the US to grow its manufacturing base, food production and now is the number 1 country in manufacturing, ship building and most innovation. It seems the politicians of the 1970's rested on the vast US economy built in former times assuming it would always be the case, no matter the policies pushed by both parties. Many still do not recognize that the US is no longer the economy it once was but has become a country of financial transactions rather than production, fueled not be wealth creation, but deficit spending and a continuing expansion of the money supply. There is little investment left for massive rebuilding as it is tied up in a $40 trillion debt of past spending.

 

The US cannot be restored by force or intimidation or more financial shenanigans, but only a rebuilding of basic industries and a sound financial policy. Sadly the majority of our leaders have no knowledge of making things, no understanding of wealth creation, only spending and money transfers. Our enemies are not in Russia, China or Iran, but right here at home.